1.finish, enjoy, feel like, consider,imagine, keep,postpone, dely,mind,practise, suggest,risk,quit+doing 2.1)forget to do 忘记要去做某事(此事未做) forget doing忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生) 2)stop to do 停止、中断(某件事),目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事 3)remember to do 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做) 4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 5)try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法 6) mean to do打算,有意要… mean doing意味着 7)go on to do 继而(去做另外一件事情) go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情) 8)propose to do 打算(要做某事) proposing doing建议(做某事) 9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为;+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念 (注)如果这些动词前有should一词,其后宾语只跟不定式,不能跟动名词。例如: I should like to see him tomorrow. 10) need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义;+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。 Don’t you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗? You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要记着是明天动身。 I don’t regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过) I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没办法。(未做但要做) You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。 Let’s try doing the work some other way.让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。 I didn’t mean to hurt your feeling.我没想要伤害你的感情。 This illness will mean (your) going to hospital.得了这种病(你)就要进医院。 3.省to 的动词不定式 1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to): 2) 使役动词 let, have, make: 3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。 注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night. 4) would rather,had better: 5) Why… / why not…: 6) help 可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth: 7) but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。 8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去: 9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be: He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。 4. (1)) 有些及物动词用不定式作宾语,结构为动词+不定式。例如: afford aim agree arrange ask decide bother care choose demand desire determine elect endeavor hope fail help learn long 渴望 mean manage offer plan pretend refuse tend undertake expect hate intend 例如: The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 He offered to help me. 他表示愿意帮助我。 (2)有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如: advise allow cause challenge command compel drive 驱使 enable encourage forbid force impel induce instruct invite like/love order permit make let have want get warn persuade request send tell train urge 例如; Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵开火。 注意:有些动词如make,have,get,want等可用不定式作做宾补,也可用分词作宾补。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。 3) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往是be,不定式一般可以省去。例如: consider find believe think declare(声称) appoint guess fancy(设想) guess judge imagine know 例如: We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。 We know him to be a fool. 我们知道他是个笨蛋。(to be 不能省去) 典型例题 Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案:C. 一般没有consider+宾语+be以外不定式的结构,也没有consider+宾语+doing的结构,排除A、B、D。consider用动词be以外的不定式作宾补时,一般要求用不定式的完成式,故选C。 4) 有些动词可以跟there +to be的结构。例如: believe expect intend like love mean prefer want wish understand 例如: We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。 You wouldn’t want there to be another war. 你不至于想让另外一场战争发生吧。 |